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A header image, featuring a snowy path atop Mount Kilimanjaro with three hikers in the distance, with a view of a sea of clouds in the background.


Best Time to Climb Mount Kilimanjaro

 

Tanzania, located just south of the equator, experiences a tropical climate with distinct wet and dry seasons rather than the traditional four seasons. Mount Kilimanjaro offers a journey through several distinct climate zones, each with its own unique weather patterns. The best time to climb Mount Kilimanjaro largely depends on your preferences, as the mountain can be climbed year-round. However, there are a few things to take into account.

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Tanzania's Seasons

 

Dry seasons: 

  • From mid-December to the beginning of March there's a dry season. This is considered the best time to climb Kilimanjaro. The weather is generally dry, and the skies are clear. Temperatures are moderate, and the mountain’s landscapes are lush and green.

 

  • June to the beginning of October is a dry period of a long duration and it's the second most popular time for a mountain trekking. The weather is still relatively dry and stable. June and July are especially favorable for their cooler temperatures. The trails are less muddy, and visibility is excellent.

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Wet seasons: 

  • From late October to early December is a wet season, which is called the short rain season. The early part of November is often still manageable. It’s less crowded, but there’s a higher chance of rain.

 

  • The periode from mid-March to the end of May carries the name long rain season. In this time of year the rains can be long and the trails can be muddy and slippery. The climbing conditions are less ideal and it’s not the best time for a comfortable or enjoyable climb.​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​

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5 Climate Zones

 

1. The Cultivation Zone

(800 - 1,800 meters)

  • Weather: The base of Kilimanjaro, also known as the cultivation zone, enjoys a tropical climate. This area is warm and humid, with temperatures ranging from 20°C to 30°C (68°F to 86°F) during the day. It’s the most temperate zone, with lush farmland, coffee plantations, and small villages.

  • Rainfall: The zone receives significant rainfall, especially during the long rains (March to May) and short rains (November to December), making the vegetation rich and dense.

 

2. The Rainforest Zone

(1,800 - 2,800 meters)

  • Weather: As you ascend into the rainforest zone, the temperature cools slightly, but the air remains humid. Daytime temperatures usually range from 15°C to 25°C (59°F to 77°F). This zone is often shrouded in mist and cloud cover, and the dense forest is home to a variety of wildlife.

  • Rainfall: The rainforest receives the most rainfall on Kilimanjaro. Rain can fall year-round, but it is particularly heavy during the rainy seasons. The trails can be muddy and slippery, making good waterproof gear essential.

 

​3. The Heath and Moorland Zone

(2,800 - 4,000 meters)

  • Weather: Moving above the rainforest, the landscape transitions to the heath and moorland zone, characterized by open grasslands and shrubs. The weather becomes cooler and drier, with daytime temperatures between 10°C and 20°C (50°F and 68°F). Nights are much colder, often dropping below freezing.

  • Wind: This zone is exposed to strong winds, particularly as you approach the higher elevations. The air is drier, and there is a stark contrast between day and night temperatures.

 

4. The Alpine Desert Zone

(4,000 - 5,000 meters)

  • Weather: The alpine desert zone is arid, with minimal vegetation and harsh conditions. Daytime temperatures can range from 5°C to 15°C (41°F to 59°F), but they can plummet to well below freezing at night. The sun’s rays are intense at this altitude, but the thin air and strong winds make it feel much colder.

  • Conditions: This zone receives little precipitation, but occasional snow or frost is possible. The dry, barren landscape is marked by volcanic rocks and sparse plant life.

 

5. The Arctic Zone

(5,000 meters and above)

  • Weather: The summit zone, known as the Arctic zone, presents the most extreme weather conditions. Temperatures during the day can vary from -7°C to -20°C (19°F to -4°F), but the wind chill can make it feel even colder. At night, temperatures can drop to -20°C (-4°F) or lower.

  • Oxygen Levels: The thin air at this altitude, combined with freezing temperatures and strong winds, creates a harsh, unforgiving environment. The glacier-covered summit is often surrounded by clouds, and snow is common.

  • Sun Exposure: Despite the cold, the sun’s intensity is powerful at this altitude, making sun protection crucial.

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Other Factors to Consider
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​​​Crowds:

​The dry seasons, especially January to March and June to October, are the most popular, so expect more climbers on the mountain. If you prefer solitude, consider the shoulder seasons or less crowded routes.

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Temperature:

The mountain is colder at night, so be prepared for sub-zero temperatures at higher altitudes. Dressing in layers is essential.​​​​​​​

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​Acclimatization: 

A slower climb with more acclimatization days is beneficial for altitude adaptation, regardless of the

season.​​​​​

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​Wildlife: 

January to March is calving season for some of the wildlife in the surrounding areas, which can be a unique sight.​

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Ultimately, the best time to climb Kilimanjaro depends on your preferences for weather, crowds, and what type of experience you want. It’s important to plan your adventure properly, by consulting with you tour operator, follow all safety guidelines, and prepare for the altitude to ensure a successful and enjoyable climb.


 

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